Paint and varnish remover.



- UNITED STATES PATENT 7 OFFICE.

HARRY B. CHALMERS, OF QUOGUE, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO LAWRENCE B. DUNHAM,

' 4 OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

PJAIN T AND VARNISH REMOVER.

No Drawing.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed October 18,1911.

Patented Nov. 25, 1913. Serial No. 655,374.

citizen of the United States of America, anda resident of Quogue, county of Suffolk, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Paint and Varnish Removers, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to llTlPl'OVQlIIQDtS in detergents and its object is to bring into solutionwith a third body, a petroleum product and an alcoholic body which are not miscible with-each other. This is highly desirable in the arts but so far as I am aware, has not hitherto been accomplished.

The invention is particularly useful in paint and varnish removers.

As is commonly known petroleum produts such as commercial gasolene, will. not

mix with alcoholic bodies such as ordinar wood alcohol, but I have discovered that both of these substances are simultaneously miscible with a small amount-of oleic acid, and in fact the addition of a small percentage of oleic acid'forms a solution of many of the light petroleum products, with methyl or ethyl alcohols, esters, or with acetone.

As an example or illustration of one of the forms of my invention and a mixture which I have found useful, the following ingredients may bespecified: 47:} parts commercial gasolene, 15 parts of oleic acid douole-pressed, 50 parts of 97% wood alcohol in WhlCh mixture 2:} parts of paraffin and ceresm wax may be held in solution. The

' two Waxes are first melted together and are preferably introduced intothe liquid mixture herein described, while they are hot.

Obviously my invention and discovery is capable of wide variations witl out departing from the scope thereof, anil there are doubtless many advantageous uses for itother than those which I have as-yet thought of. One of the uses is as a cleaning'compound. a

The gasolene is a solvent of the waxes, but the alcohol is not. The gasolene has some detergent action on various kinds of matter, and the alcohol has a stronger solvent act-ion thereon. The gasolene and alcohol are not miscible. Neither is a gasolene solution of the waxy body miscible with the alcohol. If either the gasolene and alcohol are put 7 together, or, a gasolene solution ofthe waxy body and the alcohol are pnttogether, an-

immiscible volume, comparable to oiland water, so far as concerns immiscibility, re-

. sults. It is not the addition of any and all proportions of .oleic acid that results in effecting an approximately stable mixture of the gasolene, wax and alcohol, but the addition of not substantially less than'fifteen parts of oleic acid, as mentioned in the above formula. If less than fifteen per cent. of oleic acid is added, the volume still remains immiscible. On addition of about fifteen per cent. of oleic acid, however, the therebefore immiscible volume of gasolene, methyl alcohol and wax becomes dissolved and pulpified to about the consistency of applesauce, for example. The solution thus ob tained is not, however, perfectly stable, for

at most temperatures some of the gasolene floats in the upper part of the pulpified mass; and the detergent is best shaken before using. A further peculiarity of my new detergent lies in the fact that although it contains a wax, a wax-solvent, and an alcohol, yet it does not, when applied to surfaces, in exposure to air, skin over or form a glassy pellicle, which is a characteristic of some detergents containing a wax-solvent like benzol, which is immiscible with alcohol, a waxy body and alcohol but without the addition of oleic acid. This acid, which I use, has some peculiar property in pulpifying the wax, the wax-solvent and the alco:

hol, if about fifteen .per cent. or more of oleic acid is used. If a much larger percentage is used, the detergent is unduly weakened. On the other hand, if approximately fifteen per cent. of oleic acid is not used, no pulpifying action results.

One marked advantage of this invention is that it discloses a hitherto unknown mode of utilizing in an alcoholic wax containing detergent, a wax-solvent that is immiscible with alcohol. A further advantage of this detergent is that as it does not skin over or form a glassy pellicle in use, it cannot, if allowed to remain inplace, form an additional, more or less solid coat, on a painted or varnished surface, for example, to which it may be applied.

WVhat I claim is:

1. A detergent comprising approximately equal parts of gasolene and alcohol with approximately fifteen per cent. of oleic acid,

the same forming a pulpiiied mass which is characterized by not skinning over orr'ex-fi posure t0 the atmosphere.

2. A detergent of pulpified consistency comprising forty-seven and (me-half part-s of gasolene, fifty parts of ninety-per cent. wood alcohol, two and one-half parts of Wax comprising half each of parafiin and ceresin wax, and fifteen parts of double-pressed 10 oleic acid; the latter acting to pulpify the immiscible volulne of the gasolene, woodalcohol and wax.

In witness whereof, I have hereuntoset -iny hand this 13th day of October, 1911, in the presence of two witnesses.

HARRY B. OHALMERS.

Witnesses:

ERNEST W. MARSHALL, F. GRAVES. 

